Which term refers to RNA that carries genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome?

• A. Messenger RNA
• B. Transfer RNA
• C. Variation
• D. Evolution

Answer: (A)

Information flow in cells goes from DNA to RNA to protein, and the RNA that carries the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome is messenger RNA. It is made by transcription from a gene and contains the codon sequence that tells the ribosome which amino acids to assemble into a protein. The ribosome reads these codons and builds the protein accordingly. Transfer RNA, on the other hand, brings amino acids to the ribosome and helps match codons with their corresponding amino acids, but it does not carry the genetic instruction itself. Variation and Evolution are different ideas altogether and don’t describe the RNA that conveys instructions. So messenger RNA is the RNA that carries genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome.